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TOEFL stands for
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Test of English as a Foreign Language.
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All flashcards in this deck
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TOEFL iBT total score range
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0 to 120.
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TOEFL iBT sections
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Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing.
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Who administers the TOEFL?
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ETS (Educational Testing Service).
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What does integrated speaking mean on TOEFL?
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You read and or listen first, then speak using that information.
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What does integrated writing mean on TOEFL?
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You read and listen, then write a response comparing key points.
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Reading question main idea
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Identifies the primary point of a passage.
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Reading question inference
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Asks what is implied but not directly stated.
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Reading question vocabulary in context
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Asks for meaning of a word based on surrounding text.
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Listening note-taking goal
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Capture structure, key facts, examples, and speaker attitude.
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Paraphrase
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Restating ideas in different words while preserving meaning.
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Transition words
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Words like however, therefore, and moreover that show logical relationships.
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Academic tone in writing
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Clear, objective, and formal language.
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Thesis statement
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A concise sentence expressing the main argument of an essay.
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Topic sentence
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A sentence introducing the main idea of a paragraph.
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Supporting example
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A specific detail used to strengthen a point.
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Coherence in writing
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Logical flow of ideas across sentences and paragraphs.
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Cohesion in writing
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Use of connectors and references that link ideas smoothly.
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Speaking fluency
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Smooth speech with limited hesitation and natural pacing.
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Speaking pronunciation
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Clear production of sounds, rhythm, and stress.
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Speaking intonation
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Voice pitch movement that communicates emphasis and meaning.
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Synonym
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A word with the same or very similar meaning.
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Antonym
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A word with the opposite meaning.
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Prefix
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A word part added to the beginning that changes meaning.
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Suffix
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A word part added to the end that changes meaning or word class.
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Skimming
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Reading quickly to understand general meaning.
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Scanning
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Looking quickly for specific details in a text.
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Author purpose
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The reason the writer created the text.
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Compare and contrast signal
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Words such as similarly, unlike, whereas, and in contrast.
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Cause and effect signal
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Words such as because, therefore, as a result, and consequently.
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Hedging language
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Careful language like may, might, and likely to avoid overstatement.
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Grammar agreement rule
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Subjects and verbs should agree in number.
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Article usage
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Use a or an for non-specific singular nouns and the for specific nouns.
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Comma splice
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Incorrectly joining two independent clauses with only a comma.
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Run-on sentence
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Two independent clauses joined without proper punctuation or conjunction.
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Time management for TOEFL reading
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Set a target pace per passage and move on when stuck.
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Time management for TOEFL speaking
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Use brief prep time to plan 2-3 clear points.
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Time management for TOEFL writing
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Spend final minutes checking grammar and clarity.
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Best TOEFL improvement loop
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Practice, review errors by type, then target weak patterns.
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TOEFL score goal planning
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Set a target score based on school requirements and section minimums.